Apple has had a hard time lately with critical exploits plaguing iPhones all around the world. In mid-February, Google’s Threat Analysis Group discovered a critical zero-day vulnerability in Apple’s iOS software that gave hackers full control of a “small subset” of targeted iPhones. This month, reports revealed that an entire exploit tool kit has been successfully used by hackers in Russia and China. The worst part is that mounting evidence suggests the kit came from the United States, possibly even from our very own government.

Chock-full of vulnerabilities

According to Google’s full report, the exploit tool kit — dubbed Coruna — consists of five exploit chains and 23 exploits in total, all targeted at iPhones running iOS 13 to iOS 17.2.1. Mobile security experts at iVerify corroborated the report, claiming that 42,000 iPhones were affected.

Are there more zero-day vulnerabilities in iOS that we don’t know about? Almost certainly yes.

An exploit chain is the path a hacker can use to bypass a device’s security controls via exploits to gain access. In other words, if your phone’s software was a map, an exploit chain is the route a driver could take through different toll areas to reach the final destination. Even one exploit chain — or route — is enough to break into a device, but the fact that five routes exist within Coruna makes it a sophisticated hacking resource unlike anything security researchers have seen on iOS.

Google notes that Coruna has already been exploited by a “customer of a surveillance company,” as well as foreign nations, namely China and Russia. More alarming than that, however, “multiple threat actors” have also gained access to exploit techniques that can be customized to leverage new and unknown vulnerabilities for future attacks.

Image credit: Google

Where did Coruna come from?

Now that Coruna is out in the open, it only makes sense to wonder where it came from. Its sophisticated nature makes it highly unlikely that an independent hacker threw it together. Instead, several pieces of evidence point toward government intervention.

For starters, the tool kit’s source materials are all written in native English, suggesting English origins. Second, two of the exploits in the chain are linked directly to Operation Triangulation, a hardware vulnerability discovered in Apple’s first-party processing chips by Russian cybersecurity company Kaspersky. Russian government officials blamed the NSA for this exploit back in 2023, but the U.S. government denied any connection.

Third, iVerify’s co-founder and COO, Rocky Cole, reportedly called Coruna’s code “superb,” going on to state, “It was elegantly written. It’s fluid and holds together very well. There were comments in the code that, as someone who’s been around the U.S. defense industrial base for years, really are reminiscent of the sort of insider jokes and insider remarks that you might see from a U.S. based coder. Certainly they were native English language speakers.”

For what it’s worth, Kaspersky recently denied that Coruna is linked to the NSA, despite the evidence outlined above. Regardless of the tool kit’s origin, researchers are unsure how it made it into the hands of foreign entities.

RELATED: Apple issues a critical software update for iPhone. Install it now!

Photo by Matt Cardy/Getty Images

Bigger signs of Apple’s compromised security

Apple’s iOS mobile platform is notoriously hard for hackers to crack, thanks to its closed nature, often frustrating U.S. criminal investigation agencies with its strong end-to-end encryption practices. The Coruna tool kit, however, changes everything. It’s the biggest collection of exploits to hit iOS since its inception in 2007. It’s also part of a growing trend that undermines Apple’s once-impenetrable software security and privacy protocols.

Just last month, Apple released iOS 26.3 to patch a critical zero-day vulnerability dubbed CVE-2026-20700. Although this remains to be a major threat to iPhone users, this exploit is not part of the Coruna tool kit. These are completely independent issues. Are there more zero-day vulnerabilities in iOS that we don’t know about? Almost certainly yes.

Tips to secure your device

That doesn’t mean there’s nothing you can do. As software vulnerabilities become more prevalent, the best way to keep your devices safe and secure is to make sure you always have the latest iOS updates downloaded and installed on your phone, tablet, and laptop.

The exploits in the Coruna tool kit that plagued iOS 13 through 17.2.1, as well as CVE-2026-20700 for iOS 26, have all been patched. If you haven’t updated your iPhone to the newest software, or if you’re not sure which version you have, check for updates by opening the Settings app. Then go to General, Software Update, and make sure you’re on one of these versions, depending on your phone’s model:

iOS 26.3.1 (iPhone 11 and up);iOS 18.7.5 (Phone XS, XS Max, and XR);iOS 16.7.14 (iPhone 8, 8 Plus, and X);iOS 15.8.6 (iPhone 6s and 7); oriOS 12.5.8 (iPhone 5s, 6, 6 Plus).

If you want even more protection from exploits and vulnerabilities, you can secure your private data with Apple’s Advanced Data Protection built directly into iCloud. Then for maximum protection, Apple offers Lockdown Mode, though this feature isn’t meant for everybody. Since it will ultimately restrict many of the features and functions of your device, it’s only meant for high-profile cyber-criminal targets like politicians, celebrities, and investigative journalists.

​Tech, Ios exploit, Iphone, Coruna, Cybersecurity, Operation triangulation, Kaspersky 

Events surrounding Iran’s women’s national soccer team continue to attract global attention. It started when the players refused to sing the national anthem before their opening match against South Korea at the 2026 AFC Women’s Asian Cup in Australia — a silent protest that sparked backlash from Iranian officials, who labeled them “wartime traitors,” leading to fears for the women’s safety upon their return.

After the team was eliminated from the tournament, tensions escalated dramatically. Several players escaped team monitoring and sought asylum. Australia granted humanitarian visas to several of the players, allowing them to remain permanently.

But Glenn Beck says there’s a part two to this tragic story the mainstream media is neglecting: the aftermath in Iran.

While some stayed in Australia, several of the players bravely chose to return home.

“Those girls now live under a cloud they didn’t create,” Glenn says, “and the authorities are going to ask them questions. Security services are going to conduct interviews that might last hours or days. None of them sang the national anthem, so they’re all traitors to the regime.”

And then there’s the families of the players to consider.

“Sources say now that in Iran, families find themselves under quiet surveillance. Reports now speculate that some family members may have already been arrested, detained, or questioned,” Glenn says.

“Authoritarian systems protect themselves through pressure, and that pressure spreads outward from any act of defiance. One athlete leaves — the regime has to remind everyone else there’s a cost,” he adds.

That pressure to maintain control is higher than ever right now as the foundations of the regime begin to falter.

“Women are refusing the hijab. Students are marching through the universities. Workers are striking in oil fields and factories, and now athletes, people chosen to represent the nation itself, decide freedom is worth more than the career they were given,” Glenn says.

All it takes is “a few people [stepping] outside the lines” for the masses to realize that “the walls surrounding them might not be so permanent after all,” he says.

“Young girls all across the country will hear about it for decades. They’ll understand exactly what those players risked and exactly why they did it, and somewhere — maybe among the next generation of women — they’ll decide that life under the Islamic Republic is no longer the only future available. And that is how real change begins,” he adds.

To hear more, watch the video above.

Want more from Glenn Beck?

To enjoy more of Glenn’s masterful storytelling, thought-provoking analysis, and uncanny ability to make sense of the chaos, subscribe to BlazeTV — the largest multi-platform network of voices who love America, defend the Constitution, and live the American dream.

​The glenn beck program, Glenn beck, Iranian women’s soccer team, Iran, Blazetv, Blaze media, Iranian regime 

It used to feel good to be a Democrat in California.

Emphasis on used to — and President Trump’s recent State of the Union address illuminated exactly why I left the party.

California is not failing because it cares too much. It is failing because it confuses caring with governing.

In Silicon Valley, voting blue often feels like the default setting.

In many professional circles, especially in technology and venture communities, political alignment is assumed. Fundraisers double as social gatherings.

It feels compassionate, enlightened, on the right side of history.

But that night, the president challenged any member of Congress to stand who believes that the first duty of the American government is to protect American citizens, not illegal aliens. Shockingly, Democrats remained seated, providing a stunning visual of the current values of the Democratic Party.

What changed my mind was not the rhetoric. It was the outcomes. California is the glaring example of the failure of liberal policies.

Three areas illustrate the pattern.

Elections: Confidence is a safeguard

California does not require photo identification to vote in person. A voter provides a name and address and signs the roster. More than 30 states require some form of voter ID, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. Countries such as Canada, France, and Germany require identification to vote. A 2023 Gallup poll found roughly three-quarters of Americans support requiring photo identification at the polls, including majorities across party lines.

Even if large-scale fraud is difficult to quantify, administrative failures and inconsistent verification practices fuel public doubt. Visible safeguards deter misconduct and preserve confidence in the system.

When California Democrats treat voter ID as ideological heresy, they weaken the legitimacy of the system they claim to defend.

Family: When the state becomes the decision-maker

Under California law, minors ages 12 and older may consent to certain mental health services without parental notification if deemed mature enough by a provider. State law also allows minors to access reproductive health services confidentially. Recent legislation has expanded confidentiality protections in sensitive areas.

The justification is protection, but the effect is state supremacy in decisions that belong to parents.

The Supreme Court has long recognized parental rights as fundamental. Family authority is the first layer of civil society.

When the state positions itself as the confidential decision-maker in significant medical and psychological matters involving minors, it undermines that sovereignty.

It is not compassionate to expand state authority at the expense of parental sovereignty. It is government overreach into the most intimate sphere of civil society. As the co-founders of Moms for Liberty have put it, “We do not co-parent with the government.”

Compassion cannot justify dissolving the family as the primary unit of accountability.

Fiscal reality: Math still applies

California’s budget rests on a narrow and volatile base. The Legislative Analyst’s Office has documented that the top 1% of earners account for close to half of the state’s personal income tax revenue. That revenue is heavily tied to capital gains and is therefore inherently unstable.

Instead of broadening and stabilizing that base, state leadership has repeatedly targeted it. Wealth-based tax proposals focus on the very taxpayers who fund a disproportionate share of state commitments. Capital is mobile. IRS data shows sustained net out-migration of high-income households from California to states such as Texas and Florida over the past decade.

Then comes execution.

California’s high-speed rail project, approved in 2008 at an estimated $33 billion, is now projected to exceed $100 billion and remains incomplete. Florida, by contrast, expanded Brightline passenger rail through a public-private partnership model that attracted private capital and delivered major segments on time.

Between 2019 and 2023, California spent roughly $24 billion on homelessness programs. During that same period, homelessness rose statewide. In 2024, the California state auditor found the state failed to consistently track whether billions in spending produced measurable results.

The pattern is simple.

Spend expansively. Measure loosely. Promise morally. Deliver inconsistently.

The issue is not the stated goals, but the absence of discipline.

In each case, the rhetoric was noble, and the result was dysfunction.

RELATED: Gavin Newsom’s California is looting Medicaid in broad daylight

Photo by Benjamin Fanjoy/Getty Images

This is the governing model Kamala Harris rose within and that Gavin Newsom refined over time. Not because they lack intelligence, but because the system they represent rewards virtue-signaling over measurable performance. It resists basic electoral safeguards despite broad public support. It expands state authority into the family. It builds budgets on volatile revenue while accelerating out-migration. It spends billions without demanding outcome verification.

If that framework scales nationally, the consequences will be dire.

I did not leave the Democratic Party because I stopped caring about vulnerable people. I left because I care about institutional durability. Compassion matters. But governing requires discipline. California is not failing because it cares too much. It is failing because it confuses caring with governing. Compassion without competence becomes institutional rot.

If you are a Democrat in California who feels uneasy but cannot quite articulate why, I understand. I defended the language long after I stopped believing in the results. At some point, loyalty to outcomes must matter more than loyalty to a label. It did for me.

Editor’s note: This article was originally published by RealClearPolitics and made available via RealClearWire.

​California, California democrats, Gavin newsom, Right side of history, Voter id, Democrats, Radical left, High speed rail, Democratic party, Opinion & analysis, Compassion, Discipline, Illegal aliens, Immigration, Law and order, Budget, Technology, Silicon valley, Family, Education 

A police standoff at a children’s hospital ended tragically Thursday morning, but new, bizarre details about the story have emerged.

Dallas police were conducting an investigation into a man who had an active warrant. They followed him into the parking garage of Children’s Health hospital late at night.

‘He had a gun. He pointed a gun towards officers.’

Police say the man, known as Mike King, went into the parking garage, barricaded himself inside a vehicle, and refused to come out. According to Dallas Police Chief Daniel Comeaux, at that time, police used tear gas to get the suspect out of the vehicle.

“He came out of the vehicle; he had a gun. He pointed a gun towards officers. Officers shot and fired,” Comeaux said, per KDFW.

SWAT medical services attempted to render aid, but the man was pronounced dead at the scene. The suspect reportedly only displayed his gun but did not fire it, and no officers were injured.

It has since been revealed that the man is a longtime member of Texas Democrat Rep. Jasmine Crockett’s security detail, pictured with her at several events.

RELATED: Democrats swapped Crockett’s preening for Talarico’s pulpit — and it worked

KTVT showed a payment receipt for a “King, Mike” for $340 on March 28, 2025, for “security services,” allegedly from Crockett. The outlet also showed several images of King standing near Crockett, seemingly as part of her security detail at several events.

The man was wanted by police for impersonating law enforcement officers. He also allegedly drove a replica undercover police vehicle, while using license plates that were allegedly stolen from cars outside a military recruiting office.

According to CBS News, Mike King is not the suspect’s real name, and he had been using several different aliases while conducting his business, which was called Off Duty Police Services. The online platform connected North Texas police officers with off-duty work.

RELATED: ‘An unhealthy obsession’: James Talarico praises trans children as ‘perfect’ and ‘sacred’

Photographer: Dylan Hollingsworth/Bloomberg via Getty Images

According to CBS News’ inside sources, the man also had a previous criminal background.

Rep. Crockett’s office has declined to comment on multiple reports. Blaze News has requested comment from Crockett. This article will be updated with any applicable responses.

Police have not released the man’s real name.

Like Blaze News? Bypass the censors, sign up for our newsletters, and get stories like this direct to your inbox. Sign up here!

​News, Crime, Texas, Dallas, Swat, Democrats, Jasmine crockett, Police, Politics 

A new paper finds that LLMs bend toward imitation, non-creation, and, despite requests for fresh takes, put out derivative conclusions.

The paper has some AI observers surprised, while others scramble for explanations. Simply put, the models trained on finite datasets could not originate anything of their own. Worse, all the models, whatever their external or corporate differences, wound up spewing almost the same results. The differences in input, apparently, made little difference in output.

“This research reveals a critical limitation in large language models,” said Yulia Tsvetkov, a lead researcher and author of the study. “Despite their diversity of architectures and training approaches, LLMs produce strikingly homogeneous outputs on open-ended queries, a phenomenon we termed the ‘artificial hivemind.’”

The limitations of the LLMs are baked into the facts of silicon and spirit.

“Hive mind,” believe it or not, is being generous. The LLMs cannot synch in the telepathic sense we attribute to honeybees or ants. All they are capable of is recursion, rehashing their inputs. There is no reflection but that which has been entrained to the models. No wonder they all sound the same.

The group of researchers working at various academic centers, including the Paul Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence at the University of Washington, Carnegie Mellon, and Stanford University, trained approximately 70 different LLM models on a dataset they dubbed “INFINITY-CHAT.”

The researchers posed 26,000 open-ended questions to the LLMs , breaking out “the different queries that users pose to language models into six high-level categories and 17 fine-grained subcategories such as problem solving or speculative and hypothetical scenarios,” according to their report. “Of the high-level categories, creative content generation (58%) and brainstorming and ideation (15.2%) were among some of the most common — emphasizing users’ reliance on LLMs for direct inspiration and thought.”

There’s another disturbing angle we might consider.

The limitations of the LLMs are baked into the facts of silicon and spirit. Their limitations are unalterable, and they will never achieve “consciousness,” merely simulating it at most. We shouldn’t expect much in terms of pure creativity. But what about the nutritive and psychic value of the material upon which the models were trained? Is part of the problem highlighted in the “Hivemind” study due to the human-made material upon which they were trained?

RELATED: Shock report reveals just how much Gen Zers and Millennials dislike AI

Sakorn Sukkasemsakorn/Getty Images

A particular post on X.com flagged this study. It’s no exaggeration, nor is it meant to disparage the poster, as certainly he is simply following the incentives of our financialized social media conditions, but the post itself reads like LLM-speak. It uses the now-typical “it’s not A, it’s B” turn of phrase so often repeated by AI and those humans interacting with AI.

This effect of humans sinking into lexigraphical and semantic patterns displayed by LLMs was highlighted in another recent study, “Homogenizing effect of large language models on creative diversity.” “While LLMs can produce creative content that might be as good as or even better than human-created content,” the report surmised, “their widespread use risks reducing creative diversity across groups of people.”

Viral catchphrases and shopworn cliches come and go. Not too long ago, you couldn’t turn on the radio or crack a news site without seeing the phrase “it turns out that,” shortly followed by “is a dumpster fire.” We have a dangerous, but also useful, in-built tendency toward imitation. But we have, while LLMs do not, a number of tethers back to reality, back to the visceral and the spiritual.

How much of everything we’ve been reading over the last few decades has already been vastly watered down or filtered through, first, the criteria of market competition; second, government coercion and outright censorship; and lastly, through the highly dramatic corporate homogenizing process referred to as consolidation?

The alarm surrounding this latest “Hivemind” study will die down. Perhaps the models will be rejiggered to allow for output more convincing to human observers. But the more critical question, concerning how our own deteriorating capacities for discernment may have contributed to the ways these machines were modeled, will remain uncomfortable. We should try to unravel the mysteries of our own recent degeneration by looking at ourselves first.

​Tech 

Half a century after the book “Why Johnny Can’t Read” sounded an alarm about the rise of illiteracy in the U.S., the problem has only gotten worse. A quarter of all young adults, many of them high-school graduates, are now functionally illiterate. Unable to read more than basic, short sentences, their prospects in today’s information economy are bleak.

This crisis gave rise to a movement that embraced the science of reading and produced a surprising success story in the Deep South, a region dogged by the highest rates of childhood illiteracy in the nation. State leaders and education reformers in Mississippi and Louisiana led a remarkable improvement in elementary reading scores that now rank among the highest in the nation.

Advocates estimate that about half of the state’s districts are experimenting with or rolling out higher-quality curricula.

The turnaround was a long slog, requiring a heavy hand from the state to win buy-in for a wholesale transformation of curricula, teaching methods, accountability, and more. Former state education chief Carey Wright called it the “Mississippi Marathon.” One of the biggest questions in public education now is whether the southern surge can spread nationwide, turning millions of struggling students into proficient readers with a brighter future.

But such a top-down approach is running into resistance, particularly in blue states like New York and Illinois, where strong teachers’ unions have fought to preserve local control over schools. And nowhere is the political battle over who runs the classroom more pronounced than in Massachusetts, which has long boasted the nation’s best public schools.

Massachusetts’ governor is expected to sign a literacy bill in the coming months, making it one of about a dozen states to mandate adoption of curricula based on the science of reading in elementary grades. Laws in another 30 states merely encourage its use. Although these laws suggest a big step forward for the nation, Massachusetts illustrates the challenges ahead in some states — many of the educators responsible for implementing the mandated reforms see them as an affront to local control of classrooms.

The influential Massachusetts Teachers Association led the campaign against the legislation, suffering a rare defeat at the statehouse. At least 300 superintendents, principals, and teachers in about 40 Massachusetts districts also signed a letter opposing the mandate, arguing that local educators know what’s best for students.

The pushback in Massachusetts raises concerns among advocates about whether the reforms, especially the evidence-based curriculum and teacher training, will be fully implemented across the state. ExcelinEd, an advocacy group chaired by former Florida Gov. Jeb Bush (R), has identified many science-of-reading policies, big and small, that have helped states boost literacy rates. The group’s research found that the difference between states with the biggest reading gains and those that floundered boils down to how thoroughly they implemented most of the reforms.

“We know what works, and we have state exemplars like Mississippi, Louisiana, and Florida that have actually done it,” said ExcelinEd senior policy fellow Christy Hovanetz. “So unless more states are willing to do the hard work, we’re not going to see improved outcomes for our kids. And that severely impacts our economic prosperity and future. So yes, I’m concerned.”

RELATED: My school’s AI challenge raised a scary question: What do students need me for?

SiberianArt/Getty Images

State versus local control

In the United States, most school districts call the shots regarding the curriculum — the crucial teaching materials that determine how kids are taught. Although research shows that the quality of curricula makes a big difference in whether Johnny and Jill learn to read, this area of public education remains largely unregulated by most states, leaving 13,000 districts to pick instructional materials based on convenience, corporate marketing, or price. And nobody knows what curricula most districts use since only six states require such disclosure, according to Karen Vaites of the Curriculum Insight Project.

Science-of-reading advocates say local control over curricula isn’t working. Consider fourth-graders, about the age when children’s reading skills strongly predict their future academic success or failure. In 2024, 40% of fourth-graders across the nation scored below the basic level, up from 34% in 2019 and nearly matching levels in 1992, according to the National Assessment of Educational Progress, the gold standard in testing. These students have trouble reading aloud, recognizing and decoding many grade-level words, and thus comprehending the meaning of text. They will struggle in all their classes through high school if they aren’t reading well in elementary school.

States like Massachusetts are responding with mandates that require districts to pick from a menu of approved curricula backed by research showing their effectiveness. The Massachusetts Teachers Association doesn’t dispute that there’s a literacy crisis. But the union opposed the mandate, casting it as a form of government overreach in complex curricular matters best left to trained educators.

“Our members have opposed legislated curriculum mandates for literacy education because they know losing flexibility to do their jobs and restricting their professional judgment inevitably means some students will continue to struggle with learning to read and write,” MTA President Max Page and Vice President Deb McCarthy said in a statement to RealClearInvestigations. “The law in Massachusetts will cost hundreds of millions of dollars to implement, and that money would be better spent on hiring staff and increasing professional development opportunities for educators.”

The union says it supports the voluntary adoption of evidence-based curricula by districts, which has been spurred on by grants from programs like Literacy Launch. Advocates estimate that about half of the state’s districts are experimenting with or rolling out higher-quality curricula. The other half are still using less effective instructional materials, including Lucy Calkins’ popular Units of Study, which is based on the principles of a teaching strategy called Balanced Literacy.

Failed reform efforts

Balanced Literacy emerged during the “reading wars” of the 1990s in an attempt to address the nation’s literacy decline. At the time, the prominent approach to instruction, called Whole Language, required students to learn words and sentences by looking at simple picture books as they were read aloud and, if needed, guess at pronunciation and meaning by the story’s context and images. Experts hoped that this loosely structured method would inspire a love of reading.

While it worked for some students, critics said the lack of any explicit instruction in methods to decode words left many students struggling. Balanced Literacy came about as a compromise, adding a dash of phonics to help these students sound out words while keeping the fundamentals of the Whole Language strategy.

States with new literacy laws are not all doing a good job of vetting curricula to ensure they give districts the strongest options.

De’Shawn Washington, winner of the 2024 Teacher of the Year award in Massachusetts, saw the damage Balanced Literacy’s Units of Study did to his elementary students. In his Boston and Lexington classrooms, students who were already proficient readers advanced at a fast clip. But most students, who were one or two grade levels behind because they didn’t have exposure to reading at home or suffered from a disability, learned at a much slower pace, if at all. A few of his third-graders were unable to read books for kindergarteners or write their names. Washington did his best to supplement Units of Study with more phonics, but it wasn’t much help.

“The struggling readers tended to get left behind, and the disparity between them and the proficient readers widened,” said Washington, whose experience turned him into an advocate of Massachusetts’ mandate.

Calkins, a professor at Columbia, has publicly acknowledged her curriculum’s shortcomings. Yet Units of Study remains entrenched in more than two dozen Massachusetts districts, which are part of the “widespread” resistance to literacy reforms, including in Boston Public Schools, says Darci Burns, executive director of HILL for Literacy, which trains Massachusetts teachers in evidence-based literacy practices.

Burns says many of the gatekeepers of instructional materials, such as assistant superintendents and directors of curriculum, were trained to use Balanced Literacy and remain wedded to it like a religion. Teachers like its unscripted approach, giving them more freedom. Burns predicts they will try to skirt the mandate rather than support it.

“These districts might adopt a reading program that’s the most aligned with Balanced Literacy,” Burns told RCI. “And then they’ll go through the motions, but they won’t really do it.”

RELATED: Kentucky’s school choice push could trigger a domino effect

Olekcil Mach/Getty Images

The science of reading

In 2000, a National Reading Panel of top experts was set up to distill what several hundred gold-standard studies revealed about literacy instruction. Although the panel didn’t explicitly reject Balanced Literacy, it found that a more structured approach to instruction in five areas was the most effective: phonemic awareness (learning word sounds), phonics (matching sounds to letters), fluency (reading aloud), vocabulary (learning word meanings), and comprehension (gleaning the meaning of text).

The science-of-reading movement was built on these five pillars, with Massachusetts and other states incorporating them into legislation. Although more recent research has brought new insights — leading scholar Louisa Moats says language skills need much more emphasis in the five pillars — they remain the best approach to improved literacy.

Yet two decades after the panel’s findings, most universities still haven’t read the memo. Signaling the challenges of wholesale reform, only a quarter of teacher preparation programs cover all five pillars, denying most instructors the training they need to be effective.

This leaves educators in an unusual position — unlike most professionals, they are not trained in, and sometimes reject, the best practices of their trade. It’s another knock on the relevance of higher education that Massachusetts and other states are now addressing by requiring teacher preparation to include the five pillars.

“Most teachers don’t know the science of reading — that the point of phonemic awareness is to facilitate word recognition with an alphabetic writing system, or that the primary comprehension enabler is vocabulary,” said Moats. “I don’t want my grandkids in a classroom where the teacher has the autonomy to do whatever the hell she wants, because I have seen the results of that.”

The five pillars may be on solid footing, but the curricula based on them are a work in progress. Some are comprehensive, others are too narrowly focused on the foundational skills like phonics and don’t include enough reading and writing; some don’t focus enough on building students’ knowledge about subjects like history and science, which is key to reading comprehension; some haven’t been around long enough to have a proven track record.

States with new literacy laws are not all doing a good job of vetting curricula to ensure they give districts the strongest options, says Vaites of the Curriculum Insight Project. The varying quality of curricula has given ammunition to critics of mandates, such as Superintendent Julie Hackett, whose affluent Lexington district in Massachusetts uses Units of Study.

Southern states found that a new curriculum isn’t worth much unless teachers are trained to master it.

“We’ve done some looking into results around districts that have adopted new curricula, and we are not seeing the results that would necessarily justify” spending up to $1 million to buy new instructional materials, Hackett said at an MTA event.

Vaites wrote that Hackett’s concerns are overblown. Although Massachusetts’ current list isn’t perfect, it does offer comprehensive programs covering the five pillars, with an emphasis on reading books and building knowledge.

“Most of the curricula on Massachusetts’ list are pretty good, and now with the mandate, most people think that state leaders are savvy enough to make it even better,” Vaites told RCI.

Arduous training

Southern states found that a new curriculum isn’t worth much unless teachers are trained to master it. Washington, the former teacher, says adopting a new curriculum is a lot of work, and classes and coaching give teachers more confidence about handling such a big transition.

“The training shifts the conversation away from resistance because teachers realize they are not going into this new situation blind and that there’s a big investment being made to improve the profession,” Washington said.

The bills in Massachusetts offer training to all teachers rather than requiring it, as 18 other states, including Louisiana, have done, according to ExcelinEd’s literacy policy tracker. If that’s a concession to opponents, so is the decision by Massachusetts lawmakers not to adopt another reform that has proven effective in Louisiana, Mississippi, and other states: retaining third-graders who can’t read at or near grade level from promotion.

It’s a highly controversial policy that parents almost always oppose, despite the long-term literacy benefits, according to a study of Mississippi that found retention “led to substantially higher ELA scores in sixth grade.”

In all, ExcelinEd has identified 18 reforms, including dyslexia screening and parental notification of reading problems, that the most successful states have implemented. Given the heavy lift, it’s not surprising that some states have stumbled.

Of the 15 states that had adopted most of the 18 policies by 2019, 10 outpaced the national average in fourth-grade NAEP reading scores by 2024, with Mississippi, Louisiana, Florida, and South Carolina far out in front, according to Hovanetz, the policy fellow. These 10 states illustrate the effectiveness of the reforms.

But test scores in four of the 15 states declined more than the nation’s did, and Michigan tied, showing the difficulty of implementing the reforms. Among the backsliding states, Hovanetz says, New Mexico didn’t train and deploy all of its reading coaches, and Oklahoma and North Carolina ended their third-grade retention policy.

“States get a whole bunch of constituent calls saying, ‘It’s not fair you’re retaining my kid.’ Then they back off of the policy and lose any momentum that they had gained,” says Hovanetz, a former Florida education official.

RELATED: Florida teachers’ unions would rather play politics than do their jobs

Photo by Jon Cherry/Getty Images

Minnesota illustrates how things can go wrong when districts are encouraged, rather than mandated, to adopt evidence-based curricula and teacher training.

“Some teachers took the training. Not everyone did, and when they went back to their schools, teachers didn’t have the instructional materials to support what they learned in training, and they might not have had a leader at the school to support them,” Hovanetz said. “So Minnesota probably wasted a whole lot of money.”

A number of other states haven’t bothered to pass meaningful science-of-reading laws. They include liberal states like Washington and Illinois and more conservative states like Montana and Maine.

In Massachusetts, a conference committee is reconciling the two bills, with the rollout of reforms set for 2027. The Senate bill requires districts to regularly assess K-3 students’ reading abilities and create improvement plans for those who score significantly below grade level. It’s a measure of accountability that advocates hope will produce positive results in a state that’s moving backwards in literacy on the NAEP test.

In another concession to opponents of the mandate, lawmakers gave districts a narrow escape hatch. They can apply for a waiver from the mandate if their alternative curriculum is backed by research evidence. While the waiver could open the door to the adoption of Calkins’ revised Units of Study, it will have to pass muster with the Department of Elementary and Secondary Education.

Mary Tamer, who convened the Mass Reads coalition of 40 education groups to support the legislation she helped write, is bullish about adopting reforms. Despite the opposition, she says the political momentum, underscored by the unanimous votes for the literacy bills in both the House and Senate, is strong enough to compel most districts to buy in.

“Our expectation is that districts will move toward evidence-based instruction as quickly as they can because it’s proven to teach children how to read,” she said. “And that is our goal here.”

Editor’s note: This article was originally published by RealClearInvestigations and made available via RealClearWire.

​Literacy crisis, Literacy rates, Teachers unions, Red states, Learn to read, Public schools, Reading programs, Curricula, Balanced literacy, Reading wars, Opinion & analysis, Realclearinvestigation 

After CNN botched some recent coverage, BlazeTV host Sara Gonzales is enjoying “watching the death spiral that CNN is having to deal with in real time and the ways that they are trying to stay relevant.”

“All the cool kids are on Instagram, right? And CNN is like, ‘Oh, oh, hold on a second. Hold on a second. We’re new. We’re hip. We’re cool with the youths. What if we started uploading these totally not staged and impromptu selfie videos,’” Gonzales mocks, before playing a CNN selfie video of Jake Tapper.

“See that fancy ceiling? I’m at the House of Representatives. I wanted to show you something. So, in 1890, journalist Charles Kincaid shot and killed, ultimately, Congressman William Taulbee of Kentucky. And right here, you can see the bloodstains,” Tapper said.

“That is Jake Tapper. He’s realized, ‘Oh crap, nobody’s watching, and the kids are not watching because everything I do is boring,’” Gonzales comments.

“You might think this is a Jake Tapper problem. It’s not. This is apparently CNN’s new strategy across all of their social platforms with all of their anchors,” she adds, before playing a selfie video of CNN anchor Dana Bash.

“I just got off the phone with President Trump, who gave himself a 15 out of 10 on how the war is going so far,” Bash said while sitting in her car.

“This is not genuine. This is not authentic. This is CNN’s last desperate gasp here, OK? And it’s just not working. It’s not working for you, Dana,” Gonzales says.

“Some CNN consultant … got paid however the hell much money they got paid to be like, ‘OK, hold on. Hold on. I got it. Selfie videos. Selfie videos. That’s going to save you guys,’” Gonzales jokes. “Everyone wants to hear what Jake Tapper thinks while he’s driving down the f**king road.”

Want more from Sara Gonzales?

To enjoy more of Sara’s no-holds-barred takes on news and culture, subscribe to BlazeTV — the largest multi-platform network of voices who love America, defend the Constitution, and live the American dream.

​Sara gonzales unfiltered, Sara gonzales, The blaze, Blazetv, Blaze news, Blaze podcasts, Blaze podcast network, Blaze media, Blaze online, Blaze originals, Jake tapper, Dana bash, Mamdani, Cnn